Food city area

Goodbye, Sunshine

<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0gQR-nzXWy6a0yX4TLhD8zTwNAdSQ1jZ3tkcH1fpMgjm8K2JJSexdeEQ2Woz-SK1omouSRSdbVuTETdoc1hyphenhyphen5piZaZsNF2Ma5ykRqNkjWO7Inh2aaxrWecZOszNj2lDTqOMInMcIiVkcv/s1600/in-n-out.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0gQR-nzXWy6a0yX4TLhD8zTwNAdSQ1jZ3tkcH1fpMgjm8K2JJSexdeEQ2Woz-SK1omouSRSdbVuTETdoc1hyphenhyphen5piZaZsNF2Ma5ykRqNkjWO7Inh2aaxrWecZOszNj2lDTqOMInMcIiVkcv/s640/in-n-out.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">In-N-Out Burger, Carlsbad, California</td></tr></tbody></table>After a glorious sunny morning in Del Mar, California, yesterday, the six of us checked out of our motel and headed north. We stopped just up the freeway in Carlsbad for our last cultural experience: lunch at In-N-Out Burger. We seem to agree that it's a good burger -- though maybe not quite up to the hype and poetry that it sometimes inspires.<div><br /></div><div>By the time we drove up to our airport hotel near LAX, we had lost the good weather: fog or smog now obscured the blue skies we had enjoyed for 10 days. We said our goodbyes to each other and to California in the evening, preparing to fly back to our separate homes early in the morning. It was still dark when the shuttle dropped us at the airport this morning, so I don't know what the LA weather is today.<div><br /></div><div>We arrived back in Ann Arbor happy with our experience of on-time flights and good luck with lines in the airports. As soon as we got home we had to shovel the snow out of our driveway and get over to Whole Foods to stock up the house in anticipation of a predicted storm that's supposed to drop more and more snow (though the predictions are currently being moderated). So many people had the same idea that there were empty shelves and depleted supplies at the store. But we're ready for whatever storm comes our way tomorrow.<br /><br /></div></div>

Goodbye, Sunshine

In-N-Out Burger, Carlsbad, California After a glorious sunny morning in Del Mar, California, yesterday, the six of us checked out of our mot...

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18.47

Happy New Year

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sunset on the first evening of the year in Del Mar, California:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioSiZks55AzDto4r_607Bxdl0UybnEHcugTbEvxKdPIO7hABeV1E55J8W2mVRCieICaYKZB32swK3zVr3kWEqP7HCn924WjuHhYWpqSKo8UbpCbgB9ooH9c1dzdRoS8FGkLgjlaJA5WOT_/s1600/happy_new_year+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioSiZks55AzDto4r_607Bxdl0UybnEHcugTbEvxKdPIO7hABeV1E55J8W2mVRCieICaYKZB32swK3zVr3kWEqP7HCn924WjuHhYWpqSKo8UbpCbgB9ooH9c1dzdRoS8FGkLgjlaJA5WOT_/s400/happy_new_year+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiDrbA8T7ib5pgCm3i-T0EGmjcESlm-nWkmHBEoJ_KS7Lq6kqISy48dxooXitBKx8hQDK3FHl45sn6BephjLQd0BlrIFm0jE8zTv5iZUIbr8_C8rQlpO_eHueGDtTrAIrQE8rkH7IdNDr2/s1600/happy_new_year+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiDrbA8T7ib5pgCm3i-T0EGmjcESlm-nWkmHBEoJ_KS7Lq6kqISy48dxooXitBKx8hQDK3FHl45sn6BephjLQd0BlrIFm0jE8zTv5iZUIbr8_C8rQlpO_eHueGDtTrAIrQE8rkH7IdNDr2/s400/happy_new_year+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW1A5MULBDm2f6JyzKdYVqk-CKOO7jcFrgtMr3eb87Pc4ccy13AvDyCzN_lUQ8IcdEWiLSdhQp4Na6lioHCB6DcJMwvkJizNRuo-l0ON_1VaKBXnJtG0eUlsMpvldiNoS_ehLsXMN1vMFA/s1600/happy_new_year+3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW1A5MULBDm2f6JyzKdYVqk-CKOO7jcFrgtMr3eb87Pc4ccy13AvDyCzN_lUQ8IcdEWiLSdhQp4Na6lioHCB6DcJMwvkJizNRuo-l0ON_1VaKBXnJtG0eUlsMpvldiNoS_ehLsXMN1vMFA/s400/happy_new_year+3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBL7meS3apURERXN-Ws4i1onBhikgvmtnmyBWKwiG1KDwRMSG1gdQO9NJXXYR-VeOZTStZpgh-3BtXW6pIARa62Kyu0FZvNy_1bpXSQTJdz3gOBoY6OpxSspSE7pJAK2KS1KycoD2WvwKj/s1600/happy_new_year+4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBL7meS3apURERXN-Ws4i1onBhikgvmtnmyBWKwiG1KDwRMSG1gdQO9NJXXYR-VeOZTStZpgh-3BtXW6pIARa62Kyu0FZvNy_1bpXSQTJdz3gOBoY6OpxSspSE7pJAK2KS1KycoD2WvwKj/s400/happy_new_year+4.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgBv1ZfI1vwv5opJqwUYWR7opKH-ZVZlq-PXl5EDuVttbv3vivgv92Zk95PQt07gGS9iA5CwLcYQHy2Qk5_LbnoY4s9QtvttIohJ6Cal2ij-RzyH6_xPfQNJmemORWUM1hqKsrViO-4IcW/s1600/happy_new_year+5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgBv1ZfI1vwv5opJqwUYWR7opKH-ZVZlq-PXl5EDuVttbv3vivgv92Zk95PQt07gGS9iA5CwLcYQHy2Qk5_LbnoY4s9QtvttIohJ6Cal2ij-RzyH6_xPfQNJmemORWUM1hqKsrViO-4IcW/s400/happy_new_year+5.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzjLL7t-LeYNIlmQ0sFem0a8PPcqi_sWsyRiVeq_mBVDCTyGqLQgoKC0XqEB1n4ReMUzOQSe39549SSKzN4NPQhgIcrAWprIlLlZ8gK_z1PjfYKk1YCX3_20JY97tCXQQfjZtG9Hw2Bgv5/s1600/happy_new_year+6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzjLL7t-LeYNIlmQ0sFem0a8PPcqi_sWsyRiVeq_mBVDCTyGqLQgoKC0XqEB1n4ReMUzOQSe39549SSKzN4NPQhgIcrAWprIlLlZ8gK_z1PjfYKk1YCX3_20JY97tCXQQfjZtG9Hw2Bgv5/s640/happy_new_year+6.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">... and dinner at Barbarella in La Jolla<br />(behind the bar a sculpture by Nikki de Saint Phalle)</td></tr></tbody></table><br />

Happy New Year

Sunset on the first evening of the year in Del Mar, California: ... and dinner at Barbarella in La Jolla (behind the bar a sculpture by Nikk...

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21.42

Fajitas!

Fajitas!

At En Fuego, Del Mar, California The delicious aroma of fresh warm chips and hot salsa!

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21.48

Guacamole

<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj549R7LCpSZxFMKqpUtmebw6T84QIvk8YiVMm90sT7KsiWqBrN5og9NmDBiC0oLEOJbgpKlncb5ZkWUGkCm3EGNJdw0HSgW3PzeEhXyX66qVQwq9mOUy1VMJ5kVJbZoF_hbW2tlO9dJ30N/s1600/guac5311.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj549R7LCpSZxFMKqpUtmebw6T84QIvk8YiVMm90sT7KsiWqBrN5og9NmDBiC0oLEOJbgpKlncb5ZkWUGkCm3EGNJdw0HSgW3PzeEhXyX66qVQwq9mOUy1VMJ5kVJbZoF_hbW2tlO9dJ30N/s640/guac5311.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">At <a href="http://www.rosamexicano.com/index.php">Rosa Mexicano</a> (that's a glove that the guacamole chef used to keep it pure)</td></tr></tbody></table>After a beautiful day at the Getty Center, we had a delicious dinner: crab enchiladas, duck in tortillas, fish tacos, carne asada, salmon in mole, shrimp skewers. Some of us found it a little too hot. I loved my duck!<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuErfM_T2NUHo9q9xmZsmsKFG9_Suj2ifFGzzO6V6a7U-rzlPifQA4MIlWgVdjQpT1F5wBM8XjXu-qhXARo3pra4TYaOBs-oGV-8UNI_55IhuyvfilAbrUcuHLLFy_YGrBaxkexpeEpucb/s1600/guac5314.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuErfM_T2NUHo9q9xmZsmsKFG9_Suj2ifFGzzO6V6a7U-rzlPifQA4MIlWgVdjQpT1F5wBM8XjXu-qhXARo3pra4TYaOBs-oGV-8UNI_55IhuyvfilAbrUcuHLLFy_YGrBaxkexpeEpucb/s400/guac5314.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />

Guacamole

At Rosa Mexicano (that's a glove that the guacamole chef used to keep it pure) After a beautiful day at the Getty Center, we had a deli...

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20.20

Poverty in America

A few things have been making me think about hunger and poverty in America. First, I've recently evaluated many appeals for charitable contributions and decided among them and written checks. This included several organizations that help homeless and hungry people, particularly our local food bank, social work organizations, and homeless shelter.<br /><br />Also recently I've read a number of articles about the working poor people and also the unemployed in our country. For example, <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/sf/national/2013/11/09/too-much-of-too-little/">an article in the <i>Washington Post</i></a> about the relationship of poor diet and obesity in extremely poor people, "Too much of too little A diet fueled by food stamps is making South Texans obese but leaving them hungry."<br /><br />One particularly interesting article in the <i>Atlantic</i> was "<a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2013/12/the-past-and-future-of-americas-social-contract/282511/">The Past and Future of America's Social Contract</a>" by Josh Freedman and Michael Lind. The authors describe the historic progression from an American social contract beginning in the New Deal. For many years, employers provided a number of social services (especially health care and retirement income). We have moved on, say the authors, to a more modern "low-wage" social contract, in which workers earn little but are supposedly helped by lower-priced goods: often imported, often sold at Wal-Mart.<br /><br />They write: <br /><blockquote>"It is true that tax credits and cheap goods have boosted the standard of living for otherwise impoverished workers. Yet, according to the Census Bureau’s Supplemental Poverty Measure, which takes into account wage subsidies and additional costs like taxes and medical costs, almost 10 percent of the total working population still lives in poverty. This includes roughly 5 million Americans who work full-time, year-round. </blockquote><blockquote>"A key reason for this is that the low-wage social contract does not do much to help families in the areas they need most. Clothing, food, and other items found at Wal-Mart might be cheap for low-wage workers. But other necessary services—health care, daycare, eldercare, and college—have simultaneously become less affordable and more important as most mothers work outside of the home and the wage premium for college remains high. In 1960, the average family spent about $12,000 in inflation-adjusted dollars on childcare, education, and healthcare over the course of 17 years raising a child. Four decades later, the average family spends almost $63,000 per child. Medical out-of-pocket expenses now push more people below the poverty line than tax credits can lift above it."</blockquote>The authors believe that "we need to shift once again to a system more suited to the current economy and needs of workers and citizens." They believe that the government should supply the services that are essential and out of the reach of the poorest Americans, and suggest starting "by raising the federal minimum wage closer to a true living wage and expanding public early education, both of which are widely popular proposals."<br /><br />Sadly, I don't see that our current government is likely to embark on a program of this sort. I see too much hostility to workers and poor people on the part of legislators -- in fact, too much contempt for the poor, the unemployed, and others who are simply unfortunate. Cuts in food assistance from the federal government are one of the worst insults, as there seems to be acceptance for the idea that poor people don't even deserve to eat.<br /><br />Some of our politicians seem more heartless than the "let them eat cake" caricature of Marie Antoinette. <a href="http://regional-food.blogspot.com/2013/12/bread-sugar-coffee.html">My recent reading</a> of <i>Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution</i> brought to mind a variety of parallels between modern times, especially in America, and various events in that era. I'm not sophisticated enough to write about such parallels, but my reading made me think about "aristocratic" attitudes towards poor people here. I have no real hope of things getting better. I'm aware that I should be writing upbeat things about the wonderful holiday season, but this is what's on my mind. <br /><br /><i>Note: I'm also posting this on my other blog, maetravels.blogspot.com</i>

Poverty in America

A few things have been making me think about hunger and poverty in America. First, I've recently evaluated many appeals for charitable c...

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18.39

Wordless Wednesday: Paris Bread Riot

Wordless Wednesday: Paris Bread Riot

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03.30

Bread, Sugar, Coffee

<i>Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution</i> by Simon Schama is an enormous book. I read it during the past week because I wanted to know more about the French Revolution than "Let them eat cake." Well, I did know more, but I wanted a lot more. The old cliche about Marie Antoinette does reflect accurately that the masses of people in pre-Revolutionary France struggled to get enough to eat. The first half of <i>Citizens</i> depicts the increasing misery of the people due to harvest failures in the 1780s, among many other trends and events. In this little tiny discussion of a brick-sized book, I'm going to explore just a few ideas on food and the Revolution.<br /><br />Tax farms, not agricultural farms, presented a major problem for Louis XVI. Despite the problems of bad conditions for food production, on the whole France was prosperous; however, the tax farmers who collected taxes under contract were reaping most of the benefits of trade and economic growth. Many of the changes that led up to the Revolution represented efforts to contain financial difficulties, including the convening of delegates in various assemblies of old tradition.<br /><br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfPcGiSYVNwRpgGEWpgVoJoZP-3Lrpr0aNXQFU97XzEM3GaZoBHg3tU_hf6oDotspYIL1CmPGwmSLeuIr81BM3uzaAl0X2Fa4cOC0I-Tp0zXy7orPGqpRjCy9TuE9Wdx8oiombVXS2hJam/s1600/calonne.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfPcGiSYVNwRpgGEWpgVoJoZP-3Lrpr0aNXQFU97XzEM3GaZoBHg3tU_hf6oDotspYIL1CmPGwmSLeuIr81BM3uzaAl0X2Fa4cOC0I-Tp0zXy7orPGqpRjCy9TuE9Wdx8oiombVXS2hJam/s320/calonne.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Vigee Lebrun's portrait of Calonne</td></tr></tbody></table>Louis' early efforts included the appointment of a series of ministers to straighten out his numerous financial problems. One was Calonne, who had a reputation for prodigality and opulence that didn't help with Louis' own poor public image. Schama describes Calonne's chef Olivier, who presided over a vast staff of "specialists of the table." He writes:<br /><blockquote class="tr_bq">"There were three servants alone to look after the roasted meats, with their own assigned kitchen boy called Tintin. Calonne had a weakness for truffles, partridge and, more surprisingly 'macarony de Naples' eaten with Parmesan or Gruyère, a dish which one would have thought incompatible with lace cuffs." (p. 235 -- I read this tome in a paper book as there's no Kindle edition!)</blockquote>Meanwhile, of course, the king and his vast court ate very well also, while poor and even middle-class people were facing rapidly rising prices. Even when incarcerated in the Bastille, the well-off could bring in high-quality food -- beef, chicken, fresh fruit and vegetables. Common prisoners were still fed decently, though; those imprisoned for participating in "flour war" riots in 1775 were fed "gruels and soups, sometimes lined with a string of bacon or lardy ham." (p. 392)<br /><br />In contrast to Calonne, one subsequent finance minister, Necker, was widely believed to be capable of controlling this inflation; he was "a bringer of cornucopias: the man who would make solvency from bankruptcy, create work where there was unemployment and bring bread where there was famine." Necker had even "put up his personal fortune as collateral for a grain shipment" from abroad.<br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBF_qGhhByoCPfWBy8dMoDdQMF8cg4VqmvMElN3FlDwhAko6jeuJb6s-hze1f1L9_MLMg6VUUUiCljHAo0gdJ4pERD4VUqtYOicVJ_VnxjpgAI9lZOsCq45-yTmk74aNYU8E_ul7PRyCjY/s1600/necker.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBF_qGhhByoCPfWBy8dMoDdQMF8cg4VqmvMElN3FlDwhAko6jeuJb6s-hze1f1L9_MLMg6VUUUiCljHAo0gdJ4pERD4VUqtYOicVJ_VnxjpgAI9lZOsCq45-yTmk74aNYU8E_ul7PRyCjY/s320/necker.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Necker with cornucopia</td></tr></tbody></table><blockquote class="tr_bq">"The notion that famines were caused not by the climate but by conspiracy had a long pedigree in France. But it was never more widely shared nor more angrily expressed than in 1789. If bakers and millers who withheld their stock from the market to drive prices even higher were the immediate villains, behind them lay an even more sinister aristocratic cabal." (p. 372)</blockquote>Louis dismissed Necker in 1789, also dissolving the National Assembly, infuriating those who had believed in him and had confidence in his policies and his integrity.<br /><br />What I found interesting in Schama's detailed social and economic history is that during the Revolution, as before, rich people who didn't flee still ate well, while prices of bread, sugar, coffee, meat and many other commodities important to the middle and lower classes continued to rise rapidly, perhaps even more than before. Poor harvests were made worse by disruptions to the peasants (like abolishing the church and persecuting the clergy). Tropical imports like sugar and coffee became scarce when French colonies also revolted. Imports of supplementary grain for bread and imports of any still-available exotic foods were cut off by lack of function in ports caused by various Revolutionary actions and policies. The poorest people, as always, suffered the most.<br /><br />A major concern during the Revolutionary period (Schama's book covers up to 1794) was hoarding, whether by farmers, dealers, shopkeepers, or ordinary citizens. During the Terror, the Convention adopted the death penalty for hoarders.  They defined "goods of the first necessity" including the basics: "bread, salt and wine," and also "butter, meat, vegetables, soap, sugar, hemp, wool, oil and vinegar. Anyone possessing stocks of this market basket was required to make a formal declaration to the authorities." Both wholesalers and retailers could be ordered to sell goods at any time. Throughout the era, and indeed in pre-Revolutionary times as well, efforts at price control met with a similar lack of success. (p. 757) Long lines for food were a reality of the day, and those with political power were able to take the best for themselves. (p. 862 and elsewhere)<br /><br />As the Revolution proceeded, another responsibility of the new leaders involved supplying the large armies that they were amassing to defend France against foreign troops opposing them. This required major efforts at procurement and even production, as well as "inspirational propaganda." A soldier's daily ration theoretically was "a pound and three quarters of bread, together with a few ounces of meat, beans, or some other dried vegetable and wine or ale. If they were lucky they might get an onion and a slab of cheese, and where there was no brandy, gin or tobacco to start the day, the officers could expect trouble." (p. 765)<br /><br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVlZssO88s4HM8e5VdYAaZqtaD4I6Ls2ChEYOE7-AJr2XfNRpoHTda0VM_H6xGzsb3LI-tI-j54spn0IOal5sPr43jQMvChh7MnAZqMfeJlGCQBuApBJEPCz0dB9-Pyg4xgZ5YNmCJBuna/s1600/Fe%CC%82te_de_la_Raison_1793.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="275" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVlZssO88s4HM8e5VdYAaZqtaD4I6Ls2ChEYOE7-AJr2XfNRpoHTda0VM_H6xGzsb3LI-tI-j54spn0IOal5sPr43jQMvChh7MnAZqMfeJlGCQBuApBJEPCz0dB9-Pyg4xgZ5YNmCJBuna/s400/Fe%CC%82te_de_la_Raison_1793.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Festival of Reason</td></tr></tbody></table>Food was always a necessity and present throughout various symbolic events. At a festival to rename Notre Dame de Paris the "Temple of Reason" an opera singer played the role of Liberty, seated on a bank of flowers. One writer described the smell of herrings at a similar festival in Saint-Gervais, while at Saint-Eustache "he was horrified to see 'bottles, sausages, <i>andouilles</i>, pâtés and other meats'" around the choir of the former church. (p. 778)<br /><br />What most struck me about this quite fascinating book was one general point: that many changes that took place during the revolution were in fact very lasting, especially the economic restructuring that altered the role of the nobility and obliterated many of the remnants of feudalism, turning "lords" into "landlords" or removing nobility entirely from the economic picture, replaced by new upper class types. This change persisted even when royalty was restored.<br /><br /><i><span style="font-size: x-small;">Note: Images are from Wikipedia.</span></i>

Bread, Sugar, Coffee

Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution by Simon Schama is an enormous book. I read it during the past week because I wanted to know...

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06.27

Food city area

Goodbye, Sunshine

Happy New Year

Fajitas!

Guacamole

Poverty in America

Wordless Wednesday: Paris Bread Riot

Bread, Sugar, Coffee

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